Literature Notes
Genre- types of literature
5 types of genre
Fiction- invented stories with imaginary characters and events
Non-fiction- true stories of actual events or people
Play/ Drama- a story for stage performed by actors
Poetry- words arranged in metrical pattern, often using rhymed verse in an imaginative style
Folk Literature- An anonymous, timeless, and placeless story that was originally told rather than written
Fiction-5 types
Realistic Fiction- a fictional story with characters that take part in activities that could really happen
Mystery- a fictional story with characters that try to solve a crime or unexplained event
Historical Fiction- a fictional story with characters that take part in actual historical events and interact with people from the past
Science Fiction- a fictional story involving actual or projected scientific phenomena
Fantasy- a fictional story set in a make believe world, often using non-human characters
The purpose of fiction is to entertain.
Non-Fiction 5 types
Autobiography- a person's life written by that person
Biography- a person's life written by another person
Newspapers- a daily or weekly publication of current events
Reference- informational sources such as encyclopedias, yearbooks, dictionary, atlas, almanac to locate facts
Informational- a book or article that introduces the reader to a various topical material and "how to" information such as science, art, specific craft projects, cookbooks
The purpose of non-fiction is to inform or educate.
Figurative Language
Comparisons
Analogy is the comparison showing that two items/events to two other items/events have several things in common even though at first they don't appear to have anything in common.
Example-True and false are like justice injustice.
Simile is the comparison of two items using like or as.
Example- He was as jumpy as a jackrabbit.
Metephor is the comparison in which one thing is called another. Similar to a simile without using like or as.
Example-The sunset was a painting in the sky.
Hyperbole- a figure of speech that uses exaggeration.
Example- I have told you a million times to clean your room.
Personification- is a figure of speech that gives human characteristics to nonhuman things.
Example- The kite was dancing in the sky.
Allusion- a reference to something well known in history
Example-The basketball team winning the state is a real Cinderella story.
Adage- a wise old saying that contains a universal truth
Example- The early bird gets the worm.
Imagery- uses word to paint a picture in the readers' mind
Example-The closet was full of red shirts, blue jeans, and soft brown boots.
Idiom- a saying that does not make literal, logical, or grammatical sense, but people within the culture understand its meaning
Example- He has the world on his shoulders.
Symbolism- a concrete thing that is meant to represent an abstract idea or larger concept
Example- A heart is a symbol for love.
Sound Devices
Alliteration - sound device in which neighboring words begin with the same sound. ( They don't always begin with the same letter.)
Example- fat phone
Onomatopoeia- sound device in which the word is the sound.
Example- Moo, hush
5 types of genre
Fiction- invented stories with imaginary characters and events
Non-fiction- true stories of actual events or people
Play/ Drama- a story for stage performed by actors
Poetry- words arranged in metrical pattern, often using rhymed verse in an imaginative style
Folk Literature- An anonymous, timeless, and placeless story that was originally told rather than written
Fiction-5 types
Realistic Fiction- a fictional story with characters that take part in activities that could really happen
Mystery- a fictional story with characters that try to solve a crime or unexplained event
Historical Fiction- a fictional story with characters that take part in actual historical events and interact with people from the past
Science Fiction- a fictional story involving actual or projected scientific phenomena
Fantasy- a fictional story set in a make believe world, often using non-human characters
The purpose of fiction is to entertain.
Non-Fiction 5 types
Autobiography- a person's life written by that person
Biography- a person's life written by another person
Newspapers- a daily or weekly publication of current events
Reference- informational sources such as encyclopedias, yearbooks, dictionary, atlas, almanac to locate facts
Informational- a book or article that introduces the reader to a various topical material and "how to" information such as science, art, specific craft projects, cookbooks
The purpose of non-fiction is to inform or educate.
Figurative Language
Comparisons
Analogy is the comparison showing that two items/events to two other items/events have several things in common even though at first they don't appear to have anything in common.
Example-True and false are like justice injustice.
Simile is the comparison of two items using like or as.
Example- He was as jumpy as a jackrabbit.
Metephor is the comparison in which one thing is called another. Similar to a simile without using like or as.
Example-The sunset was a painting in the sky.
Hyperbole- a figure of speech that uses exaggeration.
Example- I have told you a million times to clean your room.
Personification- is a figure of speech that gives human characteristics to nonhuman things.
Example- The kite was dancing in the sky.
Allusion- a reference to something well known in history
Example-The basketball team winning the state is a real Cinderella story.
Adage- a wise old saying that contains a universal truth
Example- The early bird gets the worm.
Imagery- uses word to paint a picture in the readers' mind
Example-The closet was full of red shirts, blue jeans, and soft brown boots.
Idiom- a saying that does not make literal, logical, or grammatical sense, but people within the culture understand its meaning
Example- He has the world on his shoulders.
Symbolism- a concrete thing that is meant to represent an abstract idea or larger concept
Example- A heart is a symbol for love.
Sound Devices
Alliteration - sound device in which neighboring words begin with the same sound. ( They don't always begin with the same letter.)
Example- fat phone
Onomatopoeia- sound device in which the word is the sound.
Example- Moo, hush